I love Colombia. The people are hardworking, the resources are rich, and there’s untapped potential everywhere. That’s why it’s frustrating to watch a tax system that’s holding the country back. If Colombia wants to grow, it needs to fix its tax system. Here’s what’s wrong and what needs to happen.
- The Numbers Tell the Story
Colombia collects just under $300 billion COP a year in taxes (around $75 billion USD). That sounds like a lot, but it’s not. The system could bring in much more if it was fairer and more efficient. Right now, only about 7 million people—less than 20% of the population—pay income taxes. That means 80% contribute nothing. This is unsustainable.
- The Weight Is on a Few
Big companies carry almost all the weight. 85% of tax revenue comes from large corporations. Just 3,400 companies pay 67% of all taxes. Meanwhile, many businesses and professionals in the informal sector pay little or nothing. This leaves a small group of businesses and formal employees shouldering almost the entire load.
- The System Is Too Complex
Colombia’s tax code has nearly 1,000 articles. It’s overly complicated, and despite frequent reforms, nothing has changed where it matters. The same people are taxed again and again, while loopholes and inefficiencies allow others to avoid contributing.
- Evasion Is Everywhere
Tax evasion is rampant. Businesses and professionals—hairdressers, veterinarians, doctors, even toll booths—often avoid issuing receipts or prefer cash payments. There are huge gaps in the system where money slips through unnoticed, adding to the financial strain on those who do pay.
Missed Opportunities
Colombia has potential, but its tax system is holding it back. With better tax collection, the government could fund infrastructure, improve public services, and drive economic growth. But that won’t happen if the system stays broken.
Time for Real Change
Colombia doesn’t need another round of cosmetic tax reforms. It needs a complete overhaul. Focus on expanding the tax base, not punishing the same people every time. Crack down on tax evasion, enforce the rules, and hold people accountable. There’s no need for endless debt if the country can collect what’s rightfully owed.